![]() Consistent with a causative role in cancer, several ADAMs are emerging as potential cancer biomarkers for aiding cancer diagnosis and predicting patient outcome. The released ligands activate HER/EGFR signalling that culminates in increased cell proliferation, migration and survival. Two of the ADAMs, i.e., ADAM10 and 17 appear to promote cancer progression by releasing HER/EGFR ligands. ADAMs shown to play a role in cancer include ADAM9, ADAM10, ADAM12, ADAM15 and ADAM17. Although altered expression of specific ADAMs has been implicated in different diseases, their best-documented role is in cancer formation and progression. These substrates include precursor forms of growth factors, cytokines, growth factor receptors, cytokine receptors and several different types of adhesion molecules. As proteases, their main substrates are the ectodomains of other transmembrane proteins. Forty gene members of the family have been identified, of which 21 are believed to be functional in humans. The ADAMs are transmembrane proteins implicated in proteolysis and cell adhesion.
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